dpedin wrote: ↑Wed Mar 30, 2022 10:39 am
petej wrote: ↑Wed Mar 30, 2022 10:31 am
Tichtheid wrote: ↑Wed Mar 30, 2022 10:07 am
I've read alarmist reactions about mRNA vaccines, I don't really know what the problem is because I don't have the time to educate myself on this.
I accept that vaccines are safe and that the "ten years from test tube to pharmacy" is attenuated by modern processes.
I was just curious.
Not sure how much is attenuated by modern processes and instead it's more a case of COVID being a suitable opportunity to fully mature certain vaccine techs and also isn't a lot of the ten years waiting for enough people to be infected with the disease to prove efficacy so not a problem with COVID.
Quite often the delays in developing and launching a vaccine are also down to funding for research programmes, although many folk think the mRNA for covid vaccines were 'new' they were essentially building on years of research and development across the world. When covid came along then money was forthcoming from Govs and some private sector organisations. Many more vaccines could be developed but unfortunately those who provide the funding don't see the commercial benefits of doing so. The plus for covid is that we will now see lots of other new vaccines developed on the back of the covid mRNA vaccine developments.
In this case there were several things that came together to shorten the timescales
1. The new techniques, both mRNA and the attenuated vaccine process used by AstraZeneca meant that the vaccine vector was basically designed in a few days. This can often take 18 months to do. That's a tech improvement
2. Shorter trials - trials are not run for a set length of time, they're run for a set amount of exposure for a certain number of people. Normally it takes time to get people signed up to the trial, and then you have to wait for a suitable percentage to be exposed to the disease. There were plent of volunteers and the disease was everywhere, so this took less time than normal
3. underwriting by govt - this meant that scale up production plants could be built before knowing the outcome of the trials. So they were done in parallel with the trials instead of a year or two afterwards
4. condensing approval processes - and that's condensing them, not bypassing them. There's a number of parts to this but a key one for example is that it normally takes 6 months and upwards to get a reveiw panel together. There's a lot of people with very busy diaries and competing pressures. But here, if you were wanted for a reveiw panel next week, you chucked everything else out of the window and attended.
5. As mentioned above, funding. Applying for funding usually takes months to write the application and then months to get a decision. And that will happen multiple times through a vaccine development. Not having to do that would take a year or two off the timeline.
And there were other aspects around distribution etc. These all added up to make the timeline much shorter. Shows what's achievable with a whole lot of focus. And money.